Thursday, October 15, 2009

British Pound Profile (Part III)

By Ahmad Hassam

UK tends to share a more common set of views with the United States. Economically, the United Kingdom is more free-market oriented than Europe. The United Kingdom cant totally disassociate itself from Europe at the same time, given its history and its geography. The upshot is a currency that is affected by politics at home and on the two continents to which its destiny is so closely related.

6% of the all the global currency trading involves GBP as either the base or counter currency. The GBP/USD is one of the most liquid currency pairs in the world. The British Pound GBP is active against the dollar and the euro, offering good opportunities to trade both pairs (GBP/USD and USD/GBP).

GBP is also in the four most traded major currency pairs EUR/USD, GBP/USD, USD/JPY and USD/CHF in the world. One of the reasons for GBP liquidity is the countrys highly developed capital markets.

UK is an important foreign investment destination. Many foreign investors seeking to diversify their investment other than the United States send their funds to the UK. Foreigner investors need to convert their local currency into GBP in order to create these investments.

GBP was full of speculators one to two years back. GBP had one of the highest interest rates in the developed countries. Although Australia and New Zealand had still higher interest rates but their financial markets are not as well developed as UK.

Carry trading was popular with many hedge fund managers. It is a long term fundamental trading strategy. Carry traders would use GBP as the lending currency taking advantage of the high interest rates and would go long against USD, JPY and CHF.

UK Treasury had to intervene heavily in the market by pumping money into a number of failing banks in order to stabilize the financial markets. The present global financial crisis has taken a heavy toll on the British Banks as well. There have been a number of high profile bankruptcies.

Interest rate differentials between UK gilts/US Treasuries is a barometer for GBP/USD flows and UK gilts/German Bunds is a barometer for EUR/GBP flow. These interest rate differentials are widely watched by the professional forex traders to judge where the money will flow between US, UK and EU. Interest rates have been lowered. An exodus of carry traders took place that increased volatility in GBP with the lowering of the interest rates.

Will UK join EMU? This is an important question that still can determine the long term fundamentals of GBP. Indications on adopting the Euro usually put negative pressure on GBP while further opposition to Euro boosts GBP. The three month eurosterling futures reflect market expectations on UK interest rates three months into the future and can help predict fluctuations of GBP/USD.

GBP has positive correlation with the energy prices. GBP/USD is more liquid than EUR/USD. However, EUR/GBP is the leading gauge for GBP strength. GBP/USD tends to be more sensitive to the developments in the US economy. EUR/GBP is a more pure fundamental pound trade as EU is the UK primary trading and investment partner.

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